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Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 04
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 01
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 02
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 03
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 04
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 05
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 06
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 07
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 08
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 09
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 10
Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture - 11

Graphite degeneration: White irradiation in GJS | Damage case with brittle cleavage fracture

Chemical designationGJS
StateWeißeinstrahlung
Etching3% Nital

Cementitic white irradiation or white solidification is a metastable solidification in which the carbon forms as cementite (Fe3C) instead of graphite. This makes the component (often locally) significantly harder and more brittle.
Possible causes for this casting defect: rapid cooling (cooling iron) and/or too low Si content.

Micro hardness:

  • Cementite: up to 1430 HV0.025
  • Perlite: 315 +- 19 HV0.025
  • Ferrite: 200 +- 5 HV0.025

Graphite classification (of nodular graphite) according to EN ISO 945-1:2019

  • Graphite shape VI
  • Guide number for the size range: 3

Cast Iron

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