Fe-Base
- Additive Manufacturing (AM) (15)
- Al-Base (72)
- Cast Iron (49)
- Co-Base (8)
- Corrosion Damages (43)
- Cu-Base (75)
- Edge zone (39)
- Failure Cases (60)
- Fe-Base (332)
- Fe-Heat Treatment Series (90)
- Mg-Base (3)
- Ni-Base (24)
- Other (19)
- Plastics (15)
- SEM (99)
- Ti-Base (10)
- Zn-Base (5)
1.0038 | S235JR
1.0143 | S275J0 Steel beam with fire damage
1.0301 | C10
1.0330 | DC01 +LC (soft annealed and slightly re-rolled)
1.0338 | DC04 +C340 (cold rolled)
1.0401 | C15 +N Normalised at 950 °C (furnace cooling)
1.0501 | C35 +N Normalised at 900 °C (furnace cooling)
1.0501 | C35 +QW +T quenched (in water) and tempered
1.0501 | C35 | AISI 1035 gas-nitrided
1.0501 | C35 | AISI 1035 gas-nitrided with uneven nitrided layer
1.0501 | C35 Inductively hardened
1.0503 | C45 +N Normalized
1.0503 | C45 hot crack
1.0503 | C45 Incorrect induction hardened
1.0503 | C45 Induction hardened
1.0503 | C45 soft annealed
1.0503 | C45 Surface hardened
1.0503 | C45 welded
1.0535 | C55 +N Normalised at 850 °C (furnace cooling)
1.0535 | C55 +QW +T quenched (in water) and tempered
1.0552 | S460J2
1.0570 | S355JR with buildup welding
1.0577 | S355J2 +N
1.0577 | S355J2 with segregations
1.0605 | C75 hardened
1.0605 | C75 soft annealed
1.0622 | C80D unalloyed quality steel
1.0715 | 11SMn30 Basic structure
1.0715 | 11SMn30 nitrided
1.0715 | 11SMn30 remelted
1.0718 | 11SMnPb30 +C carbonitrided
1.0718 | 11SMnPb30 Free machining steel, case hardened
1.0727 | 46S20+QT
1.0736 | 11SMn37 electroless nickel plated
1.0927 | HX300YD+Z hot-dipped galvanized thin sheet
1.0980 | S420MC
1.0986 | S550 +MC
1.1121 | C10E +N (furnace cooling)
1.1121 | C10E +QW +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: water)
1.1133 | 20Mn5 Rolled thread
1.1165 | G28Mn6 quenched and tempered
1.1165 | G28Mn6 with hard facing
1.1181 | C35E +N gas nitrided
1.1181 | C35E +N nitrocarburized
1.1191 | C45 with very fine lamellae pearlite
1.1191 | C45E – friction weld joint– 1.8830 | S420G1+M
1.1191 | C45E +N Normalised at 850 °C (cooled with compressed air)
1.1191 | C45E +N Normalised at 850 °C (furnace cooling)
1.1191 | C45E +QW +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: water)
1.1191 | C45E +QW +T Overheated hardened and tempered
1.1191 | C45E +QW Hardened at too low temperature
1.1191 | C45E crowbar
1.1191 | C45E induction hardened
1.1210 | C53E +N (normalised)
1.1210 | C53E induction hardened (incorrectly)
1.1221 | C60E +N Normalised at 850 °C (furnace cooling)
1.1221 | C60E +QW +T quenched (in water) and tempered
1.1231 | C67S+I
1.1231 | C67S+QO+T
1.1248 | C75S +I Grinding burn
1.1248 | C75S +I isotherm hardened
1.1248 | C75S +N Normalized at 850 °C (furnace cooling)
1.1248 | C75S +QW +T quenched (in water) and tempered
1.1248 | C75S HT yes/no
1.1248 | C75S soft annealed
1.1269 | C85S +N
1.1269 | C85S +QW +T quenched (in water) and tempered
1.1274 | C100S +N (furnace cooling)
1.1274 | C100S +QO +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: oil)
1.1274 | C100S +QW +T quenched (in water) and tempered
1.1274 | C100S +QW +T Superheat hardened and tempered
1.1274 | C100S +QW Superheated hardened
1.1274 | C100S Butt weld
1.1303 | 38MnVS6
1.1573 | C135U (+AC)
1.1830 | C85U Characterization of blasting agents
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +N Normalized at 840 °C (furnace cooling)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QO +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: oil)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QO +T Hardened and tempered at 150 °C (quenchant: oil)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QO +T Hardened and tempered at 150 °C (quenchant: oil)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QO +T Hardened and tempered at 180 °C (quenchant: oil)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QO +T Hardened and tempered at 240 °C (quenchant: oil)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QO +T Sub-heat hardened and tempered
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QT | SAE52100 | AMS6440
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QW +T Annealed on cementite network, hardened and tempered (quenchant: water)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QW +T Annealed on cementite network, superheat hardened and tempered
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QW +T Hardened and tempered (tempering temperature: 210 °C)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 +QW +T Quenched and tempered (quenchant: water)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 | SAE52100 | AMS6440 Incomplete martensitic transformation
1.2067 | 102Cr6 Annealed on cementite network at 950 °C
1.2067 | 102Cr6 Incomplete martensitic transformation (2)
1.2067 | 102Cr6 Induction hardened
1.2210 | 115CrV3 +QO +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: oil)
1.2210 | 115CrV3 +QO +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: water)
1.2210 | 115CrV3 Annealed on cementite network at 950 °C
1.2241 | 51CrMnV4 Bainitized
1.2311 | 40CrMnMo7 +QT
1.2312 | 40CrMnMoS8-6 +QT
1.2340 | X36CrMoV5-1 +QT
1.2343 | X37CrMoV5-1 (+A) | AISI H11
1.2343 | X37CrMoV5-1 | AISI H11 formation of a hardening crack
1.2343 | X37CrMoV5-1 | AISI H11 gas-nitrated
1.2343 | X37CrMoV5-1 | AISI H11 thermal fatigue cracks
1.2343 | X37CrMoV5-1+QT | AISI H11
1.2343 | X38CrMoV5-1 +QT
1.2343 | X38CrMoV5-1 +QT Long-term plasma-nitrided
1.2358 | 60CrMoV18-5 +QT
1.2367 | X38CrMoV5-3 +QT
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 +AC
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 +QT
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 +QT
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 built-up welding with crack
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 Forging defect
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 melting (2)
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 metling
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 with crack
1.2379 | X153CrMoV12 with crack in the HAZ
1.2395 | AISI PM A11 +AC
1.2395 | AISI PM A11 +QT
1.2709 | X3NiCoMoTi18-9-5 LPBF component
1.2714 | 55NiCrMoV7 +A
1.2714 | 55NiCrMoV7 +QT
1.2714 | 55NiCrMoV7 edge-zone hardened
1.2714 | 55NiCrMoV7 upper bainite
1.2738 | 40CrMnNiMo8-6-4 +QT
1.2767 | 45NiCrMo16 +QT
1.3243 | HS6-5-2-5 +QA+T
1.3243 | HS6-5-2-5 +QA+T nitrided
1.3292 | HS 7-7-7-11 +QT
1.3292 | HS 7-7-7-11 | ASP 2060
1.3343 | HS6-5-2-C
1.3401 | X120Mn12 Strain-hardened
1.3505 | 100Cr6 +AC
1.3505 | 100Cr6 +QT
1.3543 | X108CrMo17 | AISI 440C
1.3543 | X108CrMo17 QT
1.3551 | 80MoCrV42-16 +QT
1.3802 | GX120Mn13 chilled manganese casting
1.3960 | GX2CrNiMo18-14-3 Centrifugal casting
1.4005 | X12CrS13 +QT
1.4021 | X20Cr13 +A
1.4021 | X20Cr13 +QT
1.4021 | X20Cr13 gas-nitrided
1.4021 | X20Cr13 gas-nitrided, fatigue fracture
1.4028 | X30Cr13 +QT
1.4037 | X65Cr13 +QT
1.4104 | X14CrMoS17 +N
1.4108 | X30CrMoN15-1 +QT
1.4112 | X90CrMoV18 induction hardening
1.4112 | X90CrMoV18 plasma-nitrided
1.4122 | X39CrMo17-1
1.4301 | X5CrNi18-10
1.4301 | X5CrNi18-10 cold-nitrided
1.4301 | X5CrNi18-10 SZW
1.4305 | X8CrNiS18-9
1.4308 | GX5CrNi19-10 investment casting
1.4310 | X10CrNi18-8
1.4313 | X3CrNiMo13-4
1.4376 | X8CrMnNi19-6-3
1.4401 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 Investment casting
1.4401 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 wire eroded
1.4404 | AISI 316L | S31603 hard chrome plated
1.4404 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | AISI 316L | S31603
1.4404 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 LPBF component
1.4404 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 welding seam characterization / soldification type
1.4408 | GX5CrNiMo19-11-2
1.4441 | AISI 316LVM | UNS S31673
1.4462 | X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 | UNS S31803
1.4462 | X2CrNiMoN22-5-3 Duplex with sigma phase
1.4463 | GX6CrNiMo24-8-2 carbide problem
1.4509 | X2CrTiNb18
1.4521 | X2CrMoTi18-2
1.4539 | X1NiCrMoCu25-20-5
1.4545 | X5CrNiCu15-5 +AT
1.4545 | X5CrNiCu15-5 Investment casting
1.4567 | X3CrNiCu18-9-4
1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2
1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 cold-nitrided
1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 Color etching
1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 laser-welding
1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 plasma nitrocarburized
1.4571 | X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 Stress corrosion cracking
1.4582 | X4CrNiMoNb25-7
1.4582 | X4CrNiMoNb25-7 investment casting
1.4740 mod | GX40CrSi17 Immersion pipe from the cement industry
1.4743 | GX160CrSi18
1.4765 | X8CrAl25-5 defective heatsealing band
1.4776 | GX40CrSi28 Failed welding for fabricating purposes
1.4821 | X15CrNiSi25-4
1.4823 | GX40CrNiSi27-4
1.4823 | GX40CrNiSi27-4 Centre line shrinkage cavity
1.4823 | GX40CrNiSi27-4 Grate bar
1.4826 | GX40CrNiSi22-10
1.4828 | X15CrNiSi20-12 | AISI 309 | S30900 bar stock
1.4828 | X15CrNiSi20-12 | AISI 309 | S30900 sheet metal
1.4832 | GX25CrNiSi20-14 Dipstick for molten zinc
1.4833 | X12CrNi23-13
1.4835 | X9CrNiSiNCe21-11-2 +AT
1.4837 | GX40CrNiSi25-12
1.4837 | GX40CrNiSi25-12 1100 °C
1.4837 | GX40CrNiSi25-12 Hot corrosion with molten sulfate
1.4840 | GX15CrNi25-20
1.4841 | X15CrNiSi25-21 | AISI 314
1.4845 | X15CrNi25-21 +AT
1.4845 | X8CrNi25-21
1.4848 | GX40CrNiSi25-20
1.4849 | GX40NiCrSiNb38-19
1.4849 | GX40NiCrSiNb38-19 Charging rack
1.4849 | GX40NiCrSiNb38-19 Magnetism in charging racks
1.4849 | GX40NiCrSiNb38-19 shrinkage cavities network in a heat-resistant steel casting
1.4852 | GX40NiCrSiNb35-26
1.4859 | GX10NiCrSiNb32-20
1.4864 | X12NiCrSi35-16
1.4865 | GX40NiCrSi38-19
1.4879 | X30CrNiMoPB20-11-2
1.4938 | X12CrNiMoV12-3
1.4938 | X12CrNiMoV12-3 carbide inclusions
1.4981 | X8CrNiMoNb16-16
1.5026 | 56Si7 quenched and tempered with surface decarburization
1.5515 | 38B2
1.5528 | 22 MnB5 AlSi-coated (after press hardening)
1.5528 | 22MnB5
1.5528 | 22MnB5 AlSi-coated (before press hardening)
1.5528 | 22MnB5 laser treated
1.5920 | 18CrNi8 carburised
1.6511 | 36CrNiMo4 +QT
1.6522 | 20MnNiCrMo3-2 +QT
1.6565 | 40NiCrMo6 Broken shaft of an impact hammer mill
1.6566 | 17NiCrMo6-4 carburized with direct hardening
1.6568 | 30CrNiMo5-5 +QT
1.6568 | 30CrNiMo5-5 broken shaft
1.6580 | 30CrNiMo8 +N + QT Forging crack
1.6580 | 30CrNiMo8 +QT
1.6582 | 34CrNiMo6 +QT
1.6587 | 18CrNiMo7-6 dual-phase structure
1.6587 | 18CrNiMo7-6 Scale residues
1.6759 | G18NiMoCr3-6 fisheye, hydrogen embrittlement
1.7027 | 20Cr4 with dual-phase structure
1.7035 | 41Cr4 +I
1.7077 | 36CrB4 +Q hardened
1.7077 | 36CrB4 +QT 10.9
1.7077 | 36CrB4 +QT 12.9
1.7077 | 36CrB4 +QT 8.8
1.7102 | 54SiCr6 +QT
1.7102 | 54SiCr6 +QT
1.7131 | 16MnCr5 +AC
1.7131 | 16MnCr5 +N Normalised at 950 °C (furnace cooling)
1.7131 | 16MnCr5 +QW +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: water)
1.7131 | 16MnCr5 | AISI 5115 Forging lap in case-hardened bushing
1.7131 | 16MnCr5 case-harened
1.7131 | 16MnCr5 core microstructure after single hardening
1.7131 | 16MnCr5 nitrocarburized
1.7131 | 16MnCr5+N case-hardening steel
1.7182 | 27MnCrB5-2 +QT
1.7182 | 27MnCrB5-2 case hardened
1.7220 | 34CrMo4 +QT
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +A Incomplete soft annealing structure
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +AC soft annealed (completely)
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +HL gas-nitrided
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +HL nitrocarburised
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +N Normalised at 850 °C (furnace cooling)
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +Q
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +QO +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: oil)
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +QO hardened in oil, not tempered
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +QT
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 +QW +T quenched (in water) and tempered
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 as-cast
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 former austenite grain boundaries
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 gas-nitrided
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 Induction hardened
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 investment casting
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 laser hardened
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 laser hardened (+Q), former austenite grain boundaries
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 laser treated
1.7225 | 42CrMo4 nitrocarburized + oxidized
1.7231 | G42CrMo4 +QT
1.7335 | 13CrMo4-5 +N
1.7335 | 13CrMo4-5 laser welded
1.7379 | G17CrMo-9-10 Tensile test specimen
1.7701 | 52CrMoV4 +QT
1.7725 | G30CrMoV6-4 +QT
1.8159 | 50CrV4 +I
1.8159 | 51CrV4 +QO +T
1.8519 | 31CrMoV9 +QT
1.8519 | 31CrMoV9 +QT Long-term plasma-nitrided
1.8519 | 31CrMoV9 +QT, plasma-nitrided
1.8519 | 31CrMoV9 ChromOx
1.8519 with Chromium oxide layer (PVD)
1.8550 | 34CrAlNi7-10 +QT
1.8550 | 34CrAlNi7-10 +QT Long-term plasma-nitrided
1.8830 | S420G1+M
1.8928 | S690QL Welding seam characterization / hardness increase
1.8974 | S700 +Q (self-quenched)
1.8974 | S700MC +M (thermomechanical milled)
Bicycle chain
Blasting agent 1
Blasting agent 2
Blue slag
C15 | 1.0401 +QW +T Hardened and tempered (quenchant: water)
Cast steel not standardized
Centerfire cartridge 8×57 IS from 09/1970 – Projectile
Centerfire cartridge 8×57 IS from 09/1970 – bullet casing
Dislocations in ferrite
Docol 1400 | Ultra High Strength Steel
Docol 800 DP | Dual-phase steel
Ferrophosphorus FeP25
Flat washer
HAP72 | “HS10-8-5-10”
HS10-2-5-8 | S390 Microclean (Böhler)
Kanthal A1 oxidation of an electrode
M50NiL (Spec) | AMS 6278D, formerly 1.3590
Manganese stainless steel
Material bulge in rolled screw 12.9
Meteoric iron
Meteorite “Campo del Cielo” Argentina
Meteorite fragment Namibia
Meteorite Namibia (disc)
PM material with high C content
RAWAEL 70
Rigips screw
Rivet (wrought iron) from the supporting structure of a church, year of construction ca. 1900
Rockit 401
S290 MICROCLEAN from BÖHLER ‘HS14-2-5-11
SD40 Reinforcing ribbed steel | C=0.25%
Slag analysis
Spax screw
SZBS800
Torx screw A2
Uddeholm Dievar | hot working steel
WEA White Etching Area
Wire rope friction martensite
Wire rope, patented